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Кол-во страниц:335
Язык:Английский
Издательство:Wolters Kuwer
Preface vi
Acknowledgments vii
CELL PHYSIOLOGY 1
L Cell Membranes 1
Transport Across Cell Membranes 2
Osmosis 5
Diffusion Potential, Resting Membrane Potential, and Action Potential 7
Neuromuscular and Synaptic T&nsmission 12
Skeletal Muscle 16
Smooth Muscle 21
Comparison of Skeletal Muscle, Smooth Muscle, and Cardiac Muscle 22
Review Test 24
NEUROPHYSIOLOGY 33
Autonomic Nervous System CANS) 33
Organization of the Nervous System 38
Sensory Systems 38
Motor Systems 49
Higher Functions of the Cerebral Cortex 56
Blood-Brain Barrier and Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) 57
Temperature Regulation 57
Review Test 58
CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY 67
Circuitry of the Cardiovascular System 67
Hemodynamics 67
Cardiac Electrophysiology 72
Cardiac Muscle and Cardiac Output 77
Cardiac Cycle 86
Regulation of Arterial Pressure 88
Microcirculation and Lymph 92
Special Circulations 95
Integrative Functions of the Cardiovascular System: Gravity, Exercise, and Hemorrhage 98
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY 116
Lung Volumes and Capacities 116
Mechanics of Breathing 118
Gas Exchange 125
Oxygen Transport 127
CO2Transport 132
Pulmonary Circulation 133
V/Q Defects 134
Control of Breathing 136
Integrated Responses of the Respiratory System 138
Review Test 140
RENAL AND ACID-BASE PHYSIOLOGY 148
Body Fluids 148
Renal Clearance, Renal Blood Flow (RBF), and Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) 152
Reabsorption and Secretion 156
NaCl Regulation 159
K+ Regulation 164
Renal Regulation of Urea, Phosphate, Calcium, and Magnesium 167
Concentration and Dilution of Urine 168
Renal Hormones 173
Acid-Base Balance 173
Diuretics 182
Integrative Examples 182
Review Test 115
GASTHOttfrESTINAL PHYSIOLOGY 115
Structure and Innervation of the Gastrointestinal Yact 195
Regulatory Substances in the Gastrointestinal Tract 196
Gastrointestinal Motility 200
Gastrointestinal Secretion 205
Digestion and Absorption 215
Liver Physiology 220
Review feel 222
CWBOCHINC PHVStetOGY 228
Overview of Hormones 228
Cell Mechanisms and Second Messengers 230
Pituitary Gland (Hypophysis) 234
Thyroid Gland 239
Adrenal Cortex and Adrenal Medulla 242
Endocrine Pancreas-Glucagon and Insulin 249
Calcium Metabolism (Parathyroid Hormone, Vitamin D, Calcitonin) 252
Sexual Differentiation 256
Male Reproduction 257
Female Reproduction 259
Review Test 264
Comprehensive Examination 273
APPENDIX A. KEY PHYSIOLOGY TOPICS FOR USMLE STEP 1 295
APPENDIX B. KEY PHYSIOLOGY EQUATIONS FOR USMLE STEP 1 297
APPENDIX C. NORMAL BLOOD VALUES 298
Index 299